北京中桥翻译有限公司(Beijing Chinaebridge Translation Co., Ltd.)是经国家工商局注册正式登记成立的北京翻译公司。公司毗邻北京 CBD 商圈，荟萃了众多的翻译精英，在承接能源翻译业务方面拥有丰富的经验和雄厚的实力。公司自成立以来，始终坚持以专业翻译为核心，凭借先进的经营理念、严格的质量管理、优质的服务、强大的网络技术，近年来在翻译服务、本地化服务及教育等领域取得了长足发展，现已成为一家国内外知名的能源翻译服务提供商，博得海内外客户的好评与信赖。
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原文
Solar Cells
Solar cells , also known as photovoltaics, use semicon- ductor materials to convert sunlight into electric current. They now provide just a tiny slice of the world's electricity: their global generating capacity of 5,000 megawatts (MW) is only 0.15 percent of the total generating capacity from all sources. Yet sunlight could potentially supply 5,000 times as much energy as the world currently consumes. And thanks to technology improvements, cost declines and favorable poli- cies in many states and nations, the annual production of photovoltaics has increased by more than 25 percent a year for the past decade and by a remarkable 45 percent in 2005.
Solar cells can now be made from a range of materials, from the traditional multicrystalline silicon wafers that still dominate the market to thin-?lm silicon cells and devices com- posed of plastic or organic semiconductors. Thin-?lm photo- voltaics are cheaper to produce than crystalline silicon cells but are also less ef?cient at turning light into power. In labora- tory tests, crystalline cells have achieved ef?ciencies of 30 per- cent or more; current commercial cells of this type range from 15 to 20 percent. Both laboratory and commercial ef?ciencies for all kinds of solar cells have risen steadily in recent years, indicating that an expansion of research efforts would further enhance the performance of so- lar cells on the market.
Solar photovoltaics are particularly easy to use because they can be installed in so many places- on the roofs or walls of homes and of?ce buildings, in vast arrays in the desert, even sewn into clothing to power portable electronic devices. The state of California has joined Japan and Germany in leading a global push for solar installations; the "Million Solar Roof" commitment is intended to create 3,000 MW of new generating capacity in the state by 2018.
译文
太阳能电池
太阳能电池（也称光伏电池）可通过半导体材料将太阳光转换成电流。目前太阳能电池提供的电力只占全球电力很小的一部分：其全球发电量为 5,000 兆瓦，仅占全球各种来源总发电量的 0.15%。而太阳光的潜在发电量为目前全球能耗总量的 5,000 倍。由于技术上的进步、成本下降以及许多国家的政策扶持，光伏电池的年产量在过去十年间达到了 25% 的增速，2005 年更是达到了 45%。
目前太阳能电池可通过一系列材料制造，从仍主导着市场的传统多晶硅片到薄膜硅电池以及由塑料或有机半导体组成的设备。薄膜光伏电池要比多晶硅电池的制造成本低，但在光电转换效率上要差一些。在实验室的测试中，多晶硅电池的转换效率达到了 30% 甚至更高；目前商业化的此类电池的转换效率为 15% 到 20%。近年来实验室和商业化的所有太阳能电池的转换率都在稳步提高，这表明研究工作的扩大进一步提升了市场上太阳能电池的性能。
太阳光伏电池因其可被安装在各种场所而尤其易于使用--住房和办公建筑物的屋顶或墙面，在沙漠中铺设大型阵列，甚至可以缝制到衣料内为便携式电子设备供电。加利福尼亚州、日本、德国共同引领着全球太阳能电池安装的热潮。加州的"百万太阳能屋顶" 计划承诺，到 2018 年在该州新增 3,000 兆瓦的发电能力。
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